This hand-list of place-names relating to the British Isles (excluding the Irish mainland) during the Roman period originated as part of an undergraduate dissertation submitted to the University of Lancaster in 1980 as part of the author's degree and has been extended by subsequent research into the nature and origins of the Ravenna Cosmography. The work on which it is based is original, and in many instances the identifications proposed differ substantially from those of A L F Rivet and C Smith in their definitive The Place Names of Roman Britain (Batsford, 1979).
The format of the list is designed to give the ancient place-name in its best-attested form, a suggested identification and an indication of the source(s) from which the name is derived. No attempt has been made to give each name a Latin nominative form where there is no evidence that such a form existed: in most of the sources, names are given in what appears to be a fossilised locative form, which has been used here. The names have also been standardised to the most usual Latin spelling of the British sounds (for instance the name usually rendered Textoverdi is spelt here tectouerdi : the original has Greek -χ- rather than -x-; the distinction between -v- and -u- is modern).
Names which are recorded only in corrupt forms are restored wherever possible: the restored form is indicated with *. Where no restoration can be suggested the names are enclosed <thus>.
The list necessarily includes names for which no certain identification can be suggested, and these are indicated with a ? together with an approximate location. Where an identification is given but followed by a ?, this indicates that the identification is possible, even likely, but unproven. Some names cannot even be assigned to an approximate location and are indicated solely by a ?.
The sources tabulated are:
PG |
The Geography of Claudius Ptolemaeus, an Alexandrian scholar working in the mid-second century AD, but using earlier materials for Britain, including the lost work of a geographer named Marinus of Tyre. |
|
AI |
The Antonine Itinerary, a list of stopping places on roads throughout the Empire probably compiled during the third century AD, but using some out-of-date information. It details routes together with mileages between posts and totals. |
|
IM |
The Maritime Itinerary, an appendix to AI, which deals with coastal journeys (periplus). It concludes with a list of islands “in the Ocean which flows between Gaul and the Britains”. |
|
RC |
The Ravenna Cosmography, a compilation by an anonymous cleric of Ravenna AD c 700 but using much earlier materials. Full of corruptions and difficulties of interpretation, it nevertheless contains more information about Britain than any other single source. |
|
PT |
The Tabula Peutingeriana, a pictorial road atlas of probably third-century date, closely-related to AI but not derived from it. It survives in a copy of Carolingian date, which has lost most of its depiction of Britain. |
|
ND |
The Notitia Dignitatum tam ciuilis quam militaris, an early fifth-century list of official appointments (civilian as well as military) throughout both halves of the Empire, together with the locations of their offices. |
|
RIB |
The Roman Inscriptions of Britain, an ongoing series of publications cataloguing all epigraphic material from Roman Britain. Volume I, Inscriptions on Stone , was published in 1965; other fascicules dealing with instrumenta domestica appeared in the 1990s. |
|
CIL |
The Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum, an international corpus of Latin inscriptions, which contains continental examples as well as inscriptions on stone found since 1954. |
|
EE |
Ephemeris Epigraphica, a periodical publication of inscriptions containing examples which have not yet found their way into either RIB or CIL. |
|
JRS |
The Journal of Roman Studies, a periodical publication which included an appendix of recent epigraphic discoveries in Britain until 1969. |
|
Britannia |
A journal dealing with Roman Britain which has included an appendix of recent epigraphic discoveries since its inception in 1970. |
|
Vind |
The Vindolanda writing tablets. |
Other sources indexed include: Ammianus Marcellinus Res Gestae; Bede HE (Historia Ecclesiatica Gentis Anglorum); Caesar BG ( de Bello Gallico ); Diodoros Sikoulos Historia; Gildas dECB (de Excidio et Conquestu Britanniae); HB (Historia Brittonum); Jordanes Getica; Paulus Orosius Historiae aduersum Paganos; Panegyrici Latini; Patricius Confessio; C Plinius Secundus Historia Naturalis; C Iulius Solinus Collectanea Rerum Memorabilia; C Suetonius Tranquillus de XII Caesaribus; P Cornelius Tacitus Agr (Agricola) and Ann (Annales); Xiphilinos Epitome Dionis Nikaiensis.
Placename |
Identification |
Sources |
|
aballaua |
Burgh-by-Sands |
RC 107.29; ND XL.47; RIB 883; Rudge Cup; Amiens Patera |
|
*abissum |
Girvan? |
RC 107.40 |
|
*abo fl. |
River Tweed ? |
RC 107.47 |
|
abona fl. |
River Avon (Somerset) |
RC 108.27 |
|
( portu ) abonae |
Sea Mills |
AI Iter XIV; RC 106.72 |
|
abrauannus fl. |
Water of Luce |
PG II.3,2 |
|
abus fl. |
River Ouse (Yorkshire) |
PG II,3.4 |
|
ad ansam |
Higham |
AI Iter IX; TP |
|
ad pontem |
East Stoke |
AI Iter V |
|
*adrona fl. |
River Ayr |
RC 108.33 |
|
aesica |
Greatchesters |
RC 107.27; ND XL.42; Amiens Patera |
|
alabum |
Llanymddyfri |
RC 106.26 |
|
alauna |
Axminster ? |
RC 106.9; RC 106.14 |
|
alauna |
Alcester |
RC 106.39 |
|
alauna |
Low Learchild |
PG II.3,7; RC 107.46 |
|
alauna |
Ardoch |
PG II.3,7 |
|
alauna |
Maryport-on-Ellen |
RC 1074; ND XL53 |
|
alauna fl. |
River Axe (Dorset) |
PG II.3,3; RC 108.25 |
|
alauna fl. |
Ale Water |
Inferred from alaunocelum and survival of name |
|
alauna fl. |
Low Borrow Beck |
Inferred from alaunae |
|
alauna fl. |
River Ellen |
Inferred from alauna and survival of name |
|
alauna fl. |
River Alne (Warwickshire) |
Inferred from alauna and survival of name |
|
alauna fl. |
River Aln (Northumberland) |
PG II.3,4; RC 108.37 |
|
alauna fl. |
Allan Water |
Inferred from alauna and survival of name |
|
alaunae |
Low Borrow Bridge |
AI Iter X |
|
*alaunocelum |
? (on Ale Water) |
RC 107.34 |
|
*albiniano |
White Walls ? |
RC 106.24 |
|
albion ins. |
Great Britain |
PG II.3; Pliny IV.102 etc. |
|
*alicona |
Elslack |
PG II.3,10; RC 106.59 |
|
*alobergium |
Shepton Mallett |
RC 106.5 |
|
anas ins. |
Barra ? |
RC 108.18 |
|
anaua fl. |
River Carron ? |
RC 109.14 |
|
anaua fl. |
River Annan |
RC 108.31 |
|
anauiones |
Tribe: Dumfries |
CIL XI.5213 |
|
ancalites |
Tribe: (South-east Britain) |
Caesar BG V.21,1 |
|
anderito |
Pevensey |
RC 106.33; ND XXVIII.10 |
|
anicetis |
? (in Somerset ?) |
RC 106.15 |
|
antiuestaeum prom. |
Land's End |
PG II.3,2; RC 106.1, 106.3 |
|
antrum ins.? |
Holy Island ? |
RC 108.34 |
|
aquae sulis |
Bath |
PG II.3,13; AI Iter XIV; RC 106.4 |
|
aquis *arnemetiae |
Buxton |
RC 106.57 |
|
aranus |
? (in Somerset ?) |
RC 106.15 |
|
arbeia |
South Shields |
ND XL.22 |
|
( portus ) *ardaunium |
Portchester |
RC 106.19; ND XXVIII.21 |
|
*ardotalia |
Melandra Castle, Glossop |
RC 106.58 |
|
argistillum |
Tewkesbury |
RC 106.30 |
|
ariconio |
Weston-under-Penyard |
AI Iter XIII |
|
armis |
Bitterne |
RC 106.19 |
|
atecotti |
Tribe: North-west Scotland |
ND IX.29; Ammianus XXVI.4,5, XXVIII.8,4; St Jerome Epistolae 69 |
|
atrebates |
Civitas: Berkshire |
PG II.3,12 |
|
auentio fl. |
River Eweni |
RC 108.28 |
|
augusta |
London |
RC 106.50; ND XL.37; Ammianus XXVII.8,7, XXVIII.3,7 |
|
axeloduno |
Netherby |
ND XL.49 |
|
axium |
Wareham ? |
RC 108.24 |
|
b… |
Pakenham ? |
Britannia 25 (1994): 309 |
|
badonicus mons |
? (in south-west England) |
Gildas dECB 26.1 |
|
banna |
Birdoswald |
RC 107.28; RIB 1905; Rudge Cup; Amiens Patera |
|
bannatia |
Bochastle |
PG II.3,8 |
|
bannauenta |
Whilton lodge |
AI Itinera II, VI, VII |
|
*bannauenta berniae |
? (in north-west England) |
Patrick Confessio 1 |
|
bannoualium |
Horncastle |
RC 106.55 |
|
begessae |
Castlecary |
RC 107.53 |
|
belerium prom. |
Land's End |
PG II.3,2; Diodoros V.21 |
|
belisama fl. |
River Ribble |
PG II.3,2; RC 109.4 |
|
*bernia |
? (in north-west England) |
Patrick Confessio 1 |
|
*bibra |
Beckfoot |
RC 107.4 |
|
bibroci |
Tribe: ? (South-east Britain) |
Caesar BG V.21,1 |
|
<birila> ins. |
Raasay ? |
RC 109.14 |
|
blatobulgio |
Birrens |
AI Iter II |
|
blestio |
Monmouth |
AI Iter XIII |
|
*bocrandium |
Doune ? |
RC 108.2 |
|
bodotria fl. |
River Forth |
PG II.3,4; RC 108.2; Tacitus Agr 23,1, 25,1, 25,3 |
|
bogio |
? (in Britain ?) |
Britannia 25 (1994): 313 |
|
*boluellaunio |
Honiton ? |
RC 106.13 |
|
boresti |
Tribe: Banffshire ? |
Tacitus Agr 38,3 |
|
botis ins. |
Bute |
RC 109.2 |
|
*bouio |
Cowbridge |
AI Iter XII |
|
bouio |
Tilston |
AI Iter II |
|
branoduno |
Brancaster |
ND XXVIII.16 |
|
branogenio |
Leintwardine |
AI Iter XII; RC 106.27 |
|
branogenium |
Tomen-y-Mur |
PG II.3,11 |
|
brauoniacis |
Kirkby Thore |
AI Iter II; RC 107.6; ND XL.27; CIL VIII.4800 |
|
bremenium |
High Rochester |
PG II.3,7; AI Iter I; RC 107.45; RIB 1262, 1270 |
|
bremetennaco ueteranorum |
Ribchester |
AI Iter X; RC 107.7; ND XL.54; RIB 583; Vind II.295, 6 |
|
bremia |
Llanio |
RC 106.25 |
|
bricic… |
Tribe: Herefordshire |
RIB 2022, 2250 |
|
brigae |
Ashley |
AI Iter XV |
|
brigae |
? |
Vind II.190, 38; II.292 |
|
brigantes |
Tribe: Yorkshire |
PG II.3,10; Seneca Apocolocyntosis XII.3; Juvenal Satire XIV.196; Tacitus Agr 17.2, 31.5, Annales XII.32, 36, 40, Historiae III.45; Stephanus of Byzantium |
|
britannia inferior |
Province |
|
|
britannia ins. |
Great Britain |
(many sources) |
|
britannia prima |
Province |
|
|
britannia secunda |
Province |
|
|
britannia superior |
Province |
|
|
brocauo |
Brougham |
AI Iter V |
|
broccolitia |
Carrawburgh |
RC 107.26; ND XL.39 |
|
*brunauis |
Chesterton-on-Fosse ? |
RC 106.39 |
|
burrium |
Usk |
PG II.3,12; AI Itinera XII, XIII |
|
caelis fl. |
River Deveron |
PG II.3,4; RC 108.33 |
|
caereni |
Tribe: Durness |
PG II.3,9; RC 108.2 |
|
caesaromago |
Chelmsford |
AI Itinera V, IX; RC 106.51 |
|
calacum |
Burrow-in-Lonsdale |
PG II.3,10; AI Iter X |
|
calcaria |
Tadcaster |
AI Iter II; RC 107.7; Bede HE iv.23 |
|
calidonia |
Scotland |
Tacitus Agr 10.4; Xiphilinos 322; Solinos 22.1; Jordanes 2.13 |
|
calidonia silua |
Great Glen |
PG II.3,8; Pliny HN IV.102; Florus Epitome de T Liuio I.12; Martianus Capella VI.666 |
|
calidonii |
Tribe: Highlands |
PG II.3,8 |
|
calleua atrebatum |
Silchester |
PG II.3,12; AI Itinera VII, XIII, XIV; RC 106.32 |
|
camboduno |
Leeds |
AI Iter II; RC 107.7; Bede HE ii.14 |
|
camboglanna |
Castlesteads |
RC 107.11, 107.36; ND XL.44; Rudge Cup; Amiens Patera |
|
camborito |
Lackford |
AI Iter V |
|
camulodunum |
Slack |
PG II.3,10; RC 106.59 |
|
camulodunum colonia |
Colchester |
PG II.3,11; AI Iter IX; RC 106.52; TP; CIL III.11233, XIV.3955; Pliny HN II.187; Tacitus Annales XII.32 etc.; Cassius Dio LX.21,4 |
|
camulosessa |
Dalswinton ? |
RC 107.38 |
|
cana ins. |
Canna ? |
RC 109.9 |
|
canonio |
Kelvedon |
AI Iter IX; TP |
|
canouia fl. |
Afon Conwy |
Inferred from * canouio |
|
canouio |
Caerhun |
AI Iter XI; RC 10643; RIB 2265 |
|
cantia |
South Cadbury ? |
RC 106.11 |
|
cantia fl. |
River Cam (Somerset) |
Inferred from cantia and survival of name |
|
cantiaci |
Civitas: Kent |
PG II.3,12; Britannia 25 (1994): 302-4 |
|
cantium |
Kent |
Caesar BG V.13,1; Strabo 1.4,3 etc.; Bede HE i.15 etc. |
|
cantium prom. |
South Foreland, Kent |
PG II.3,3. II.3,4; Diodoros Sikoulos V.21 |
|
*carbantoritum |
Milton ? |
PG II.3,6; RC 107.33 |
|
carnonacae |
Tribe: Rhoshven area |
PG II.3,8 |
|
caruetii |
Civitas: Cumbria |
RIB 933; JRS 55 (1965): 224 |
|
cassi |
Tribe: (South-east England) |
Caesar BG V.21,1 |
|
castra exploratorum |
Netherby |
AI Iter II |
|
cataractonium |
Catterick |
PG II.3,10; AI Itinera I, II, V; RC 107.14; Bede HE ii.14 etc. |
|
catuuellauni |
Civitas: Hertfordshire |
PG II.3,11; Cassius Dio LX.20,2; RIB 1962 |
|
caunus ins. |
Mersey Island |
PG II.3,14 |
|
causennis |
Saltersford ? |
AI Iter V |
|
*cenio fl. |
River Kenwyn |
PG II.3,3 |
|
cermium |
Bertha ? |
RC 108.11 |
|
*cicucio |
Y Gaer, Brecon |
RC 106.26 |
|
cilurno |
Chesters |
RC 107.26; ND XL.38 |
|
*cintocelum |
Cape Wrath |
RC 108.1 |
|
*ciura |
Castle Hill (Antonine Wall) |
RC 107.56 |
|
clauinio |
? (in Somerset/Wiltshire) |
RC 106.12 |
|
clausentum |
Wickham (Hampshire) |
AI Iter VII |
|
clota fl. |
River Clyde |
PG II.3,1; IM; RC 109.4 |
|
coccio |
Turton Bottoms |
AI Iter X |
|
coccuueda |
Brinkburn Priory ? |
RC 107.45 |
|
coccuueda fl. |
River Coquet |
RC 108.38 |
|
colania |
Croy Hill |
PG II.3,7; RC 107.54 |
|
colonia |
Colchester |
AI Iter V |
|
colonias |
? (in south-west Britain) |
RC 106.14 |
|
combretouio |
Coddenham |
AI Iter IX; TP |
|
concangiis |
Chester-le-Street |
RC 107.17; ND XL.24; CIL VII.1234 |
|
concauata |
Drumburgh |
ND XL.48 |
|
condate |
Northwich |
AI Itinera II, X; RC 106.47 |
|
conderco |
Benwell |
RC 107.24; ND XL.35 |
|
*conio fl. |
River Torridge ? |
RC 105.47 |
|
contrebis |
Lonsdale |
RIB 600, 610 |
|
corda |
Crawford |
PG II.3,6; RC 107.38 |
|
cordonouis |
? |
Vind II.299, 2 |
|
coria |
Barochan Hill |
PG II.3,7 |
|
coria <lopocarium> |
Corbridge |
AI Iter I; RC 107.18; Vind I.154, 7; II.175, 3 |
|
coria tectoverdorum |
Chesterholm vicus? |
Vind II.312 |
|
coria uotadinorum |
Elginhaugh |
PG II.3,7; RC 107.41 |
|
corieltauui |
Civitas: Leicestershire |
PG II.3,11; Antiq J 63 (1983): 353; Britannia 24 (1993): 318 |
|
corinium dobunnorum |
Cirencester |
PG II.3,12; RC 106.31 |
|
corionototae |
Tribe: Northumberland |
RIB 1142 |
|
cornouii |
Civitas: Shropshire |
PG II.3,11; ND XL.34; RIB 288, 639 |
|
cornouii |
Tribe: Cornwall |
Inferred from * durocornouio and survival of name |
|
cornouii |
Tribe: Sutherland |
PG II.3,8 |
|
<credigone> |
Old Kilpatrick |
RC 107.56 |
|
creones |
Tribe: Lorn |
PG II.3,8 |
|
crococalana |
Brough |
AI Itinera VI, VIII |
|
croucinco |
Loudoun Hill ? |
RC 107.31 |
|
cunetio fl. |
River Kent |
RC 108.30 |
|
cunetio fl. |
River Kennet |
Inferred from cunetione and survival of name |
|
cunetione |
Mildenhall |
AI Iter XIV; RC 106.21 |
|
cunis ins. |
Jura ? |
RC 109.11 |
|
curia tectouerdorum |
Chesterholm vicus |
RIB 1695 |
|
dano |
Jarrow ? |
ND XL.20 |
|
dano |
Doncaster |
AI Itinera V, VIII |
|
danua fl. |
River Don (Yorkshire) |
Inferred from dano and survival of name |
|
danua fl. |
River Don (Tyneside) |
Inferred from dano and survival of name |
|
daruueda ins. |
Muck ? |
RC 109.20 |
|
decantae |
Tribe: Easter Ross |
PG II.3,8 |
|
decanti |
Tribe: Clwyd |
Tacitus Annales XII.32 (?); Annales Cambriae 812 |
|
deceangli |
Tribe: Deeside |
CIL VII.1204 |
|
delgouicia |
Wetwang |
AI Iter I; RC 107.16 |
|
demerosessa |
Castletown ? |
RC 108.1 |
|
demetae |
Civitas: Dyfed |
PG II.3,12; Gildas dECB 31.1 |
|
demetia |
Dyfed |
Vita Samsonis |
|
deruentio fl. |
River Derwent (Yorkshire) |
Bede HE ii.9 |
|
deruentio fl. |
River Derwent (Derbyshire) |
Inferred from deruentione and survival of name |
|
deruentio fl. |
River Derwent (Cumbria) |
RC 108.31; Bede HE iv.29 |
|
*deruentio statio |
Buckfast / Totnes ? |
RC 105.51-52 |
|
deruentione |
Littlechester |
RC 106.46 |
|
deruentione |
Papcastle |
RC 107.6 |
|
deruentione |
Malton |
AI Iter I; ND XL.31 |
|
*deruentione fl. |
River Dart |
RC 105.50 |
|
deua fl. |
River Dee (Dumfriesshire) |
PG II.3,2 |
|
deua fl. |
River Dee (Grampian) |
PG II.3,4 |
|
deua fl. |
River Dee (Cheshire) |
Inferred from deua and survival of name |
|
deua legio xx uictrix |
Chester |
PG II.3,11; AI Itinera II, XI; RC 106.44; CIL XIII.6221; RIB 2416.6 |
|
deuana |
Normandykes |
PG II.3,9 |
|
deuionisso statio |
? (in Devon) |
RC 105.51 |
|
deuona fl. |
River Don (Grampian) |
Inferred from deuoni and survival of name |
|
deuoni |
Kintore |
RC 108.7 |
|
*dexa |
Camelon ? |
RC 107.53, 108.8 |
|
dicaledones |
Tribe: Highland Region |
Ammianus XXCIII.8,4 |
|
*dictio |
Lease Rigg ? |
RC 107.16; ND XL.23 |
|
dobunni |
Civitas: Gloucestershire |
PG II.3,12; CIL XVI.49; Cassius Dio LX.20,2 |
|
*dubabissis |
St Leonard's/Blainslie ? |
RC 107.43 |
|
dubissum pagus |
? (in Kent) |
Britannia 25 (1994): 302-4 |
|
( portus ) dubris |
Dover |
AI Iter III; RC 106.35; ND XXVIII14; TP |
|
dubris fl. |
River Dour |
RC 108.20 |
|
dumna ins. |
Lewis |
PG II.3,14; Pliny HN IV.104 |
|
*dumnacum |
Walton Castle ? |
Bede HE ii.15 |
|
dumnonia |
Cornish Peninsula |
Gildas dECB 28.1 |
|
*dumnonii |
Tribe: Strathclyde |
PG II.3,7; RC 108.20 |
|
dumnonii |
Civitas: Devon |
PG II.3,13; RIB 1843, 1844 |
|
dumnonium prom. |
Lizard Point |
PG II.3,2; Marcian II.45 |
|
dunum |
Hod Hill ? |
PG II.3,13 |
|
dunum |
? (In Kent ?) |
Britannia 6 (1976): 96-100 |
|
dunum sinus |
Tees Bay |
PG II.3,4 |
|
duriarno |
Plymouth ? |
RC 105.52 |
|
durnouaria *durotragum |
Dorchester |
AI Iter XIV |
|
durobriuis |
Rochester |
AI Itinera II, III, IV; RC 106.37; TP; Bede HE ii.3; JRS 50 (1960): 108-11 |
|
durobriuis |
Water Newton |
AI Iter V; RC 106.54; JRS 30 (1940): 190 |
|
*durocinto |
Dorchester-on-Thames |
RC 106.12; Bede HE iii.7 |
|
durocobriuis |
Dunstable |
AI Itinera II, VI, VIII |
|
durocornouio |
Wanborough |
AI Iter XIII |
|
*durocornouio |
? (in Cornwall) |
RC 105.48 |
|
duroleuo |
Sittingbourne |
AI Iter II; RC 108.37; TP |
|
duroliponte |
Cambridge |
AI Iter V; RC 106.52 |
|
durolito |
Chigwell |
AI Iter IX |
|
durotrages ? |
Civitas: Dorset |
PG II.3,13; RIB 1672, 1673 |
|
durouernum cantiacorum |
Canterbury |
PG II.3,12; AI Itinera II, III, IV; PT; RC 106.36; Bede HE i.25 etc. |
|
durouiguto |
Godmanchester |
RC 106.53 |
|
ebuda ins. |
? |
PG II.2,10 |
|
ebuda ins. |
? |
PG II.2,10 |
|
ebudae inss. |
Inner Hebrides |
PG II.2,10; Pliny HN IV.103; Solinus XXII.12 |
|
eburacum |
York |
AI Itinera I, II, V, VIII; RC 107.4; RIB 643, 657, 2274 |
|
*eburocastellum |
Cappuck |
RC 107.44 |
|
eitis fl. |
Loch Ailort ? |
PG II.3,1; RC 109.20 |
|
epiacum |
Whitley Castle |
PG II.3,10 |
|
*eposessa |
Castell Collen ? |
RC 106.28, 106.28 |
|
*esocades inss. |
? |
RC 109.24 |
|
<essasenua> fl. |
? |
RC 108.40 |
|
<esse> ins. |
Coll ? |
RC 109.21 |
|
extensio |
? (in East Anglia) |
PG II.3,4 |
|
*fanococidi |
Bewcastle |
RC 107.30 |
|
flauia caesariensis |
Province |
ND XXIII.7 |
|
gabrantouices |
Tribe: East Yorkshire |
Inferred from gabrantouicum sinus |
|
gabrantouicum sinus |
Bridlington Bay |
PG II.3,4 |
|
gabrosento |
Moresby |
RC 107.3; ND XL.50 |
|
galaua |
Ambleside |
AI Iter X; RC 107.1, 107.1 |
|
gangani |
Tribe: Lleyn |
Inferred from ganganorum prom. |
|
ganganorum prom. |
Braich-y-Pwll |
PG II.3,2 |
|
*garianno |
Burgh Castle |
ND XXVIII.17 |
|
gariannus fl. |
River Yare |
PG II.3,4 |
|
*gelouium |
Norham ? |
RC 107.41 |
|
glannouenta |
? |
AI Iter X; RC 107.2; ND XL.52 |
|
*glano |
? (in Cornwall) |
RC 105.46 |
|
gleuum colonia |
Gloucester |
AI Iter XIII; RC 106.29; RIB 161; CIL VI.3346, XVI.130; EE IX.1283, 1284 |
|
gobannio |
Y Fenni |
AI Iter XII; RC 106.25 |
|
*grandina ins. |
Tiree ? |
RC 109.21 |
|
graupius mons |
Bennachie ? |
Tacitus Agr . 29,2 |
|
habitanco |
Risingham |
RC 107.47; RIB 1225 |
|
herculis prom. |
Hartland Point |
PG II.3,2 |
|
*horrea classis |
Berwick ? |
RC 107.46 |
|
horrea classis |
Dundee ? |
PG II.3,9; RC 108.10 |
|
*icena fl. |
River Itchen |
RC 108.41 |
|
*icena fl. |
River Cree |
PG II.3,2 |
|
iceni |
Civitas: Norfolk |
PG II.3,11; Caesar BG V.21,1; Tacitus Annales XII.31 & 32, XIV.31; JRS 57 (1967): 207 |
|
icenos |
Caistor St Edmund |
AI Iter V |
|
ila fl. |
River Helmsdale |
PG II.3,4 |
|
isca dumnoniorum |
Exeter |
PG II.3,13; AI Iter XV; RC 106.2; TP |
|
isca fl. |
River Usk |
RC 108.27 |
|
isca fl. |
River Exe |
PG II.3,3 |
|
isca fl. |
River Axe (Somerset) |
Inferred from iscalis |
|
isca legio ii augusta |
Caerlleon |
AI Itinera XII, XIII, XIV; RC 106.24 |
|
iscalis |
Charterhosue-on-Mendip |
PG II.3,13 |
|
isura fl. |
River Ure |
Inferred from isurium brigantum |
|
isurium brigantum |
Aldborough |
PG II.3,10; AI Itinera I, II, V; RC 108.38 |
|
ituna fl. |
River Eden (Fife) |
PG II.3,4 |
|
ituna fl. |
Eden Water |
Inferred from * itunodunum |
|
ituna fl. |
River Eden (Cumbria) |
PG II.3,2 |
|
ituna ins. |
Eigg ? |
RC 109.19 |
|
itunocelum |
Ravenglass |
RC 107.3; ND XL51 |
|
itunodunum |
Carham ? |
RC 107.42 |
|
iuernio |
Iwerne |
RC 106.16 |
|
lactoduro |
Towcester |
AI Itinera II, VI; RC 106.49 |
|
lagentium |
Castleford |
AI Itinera V, VIII; RC 107.8 |
|
lano |
Portmahomock ? |
RC 107.58 |
|
lauatris |
Bowes |
AI Itinera II, V; RC 107.13; ND XL.25 |
|
legionum ciuitas |
Chester |
Gildas dECB 10.2; Bede HE ii.2 |
|
lemana fl. |
River East Rother |
RC 108.39 |
|
( portus ) lemanis |
Lympne |
AI Iter IV; RC 106.35; ND XXVIII.15; TP |
|
lemannonius sin. |
Loch Long |
PG II.3,1 |
|
letoceto |
Wall-by-Lichfield |
AI Iter II; RC 106.48 |
|
*leuca fl. |
Afon Llwchwr |
RC 108.29, 108.30 |
|
leucaro |
Loughor ? |
AI Iter XII |
|
*leucomago |
East Anton |
RC 106.21 |
|
leucouia |
Glenlochar |
PG II.3,5; RC 107.37 |
|
*leuiodunum |
Inchtuthil ? |
RC 108.9, 108.10 |
|
leuobrinta |
Fforden Gaer ? |
RC 106.40 |
|
limnus ins. |
Rum ? |
RC 109.16 |
|
linda fl. |
River Ouse (Bedfordshire) |
RC 108.36 |
|
lindensis |
Lindsey |
Bede HE ii.16; HB 57 |
|
lindinis |
Ilchester |
RC 106.11; RIB 1672, 1673 |
|
lindum |
Drumquhassle |
PG II.3,7 |
|
lindum |
Innerleithen ? |
RC 107.32 |
|
lindum colonia |
Lincoln |
PG II.3,11; AI Itinera V, VI, VIII; RC 106.55; Bede HE ii.16; RIB 250, 269, 2240, 2241; CIL VII.21669, XIII.6679; JRS 11 (1921): 101-7 |
|
litana |
Balmuildy |
RC 107.55 |
|
*litanomago |
Glenmailen |
RC 108.6 |
|
locatrebae |
Oakwood ? |
RC 107.35, 107.35 |
|
locus maponi |
Lochmaben |
RC 108.17; JRS 58 (1968): 209 |
|
lodone |
Auchinhove ? |
RC 108.6 |
|
lona fl. |
River Lune |
Inferred from * lonaco and survival of name |
|
*lonaco |
Lancaster |
ND XL55; RIB 2272 |
|
londinium |
London |
PG II.3,12; AI Itinera II-IX; RC 106.38, 106.50; Tacitus Annales XIV.33; Vind II.154, 9; Panegyrici Latini VIII.17,1; Ammianus XX.1,3, XXVII.8; Stephanus of Byzantium; Acta Concilii Arelatensis ; Bede HE i.29 etc. |
|
longouicio |
Lanchester |
RC 107.12; ND XL.30; RIB 1074 |
|
longus fl. |
Loch Linnhe |
PG II.3,1; RC 109.22 |
|
loxa fl. |
River Lossie |
PG II.3,4 |
|
luentinum |
Dolaucothi |
PG II.3,12 |
|
lugi |
Tribe: Helmsdale |
PG II.3,8 |
|
luguduno |
Piercebridge ? |
RC 107.17 |
|
luguduno |
Bricket Wood |
Herts Archaeol 5 (1977) |
|
luguualium caruetiorum |
Carlisle |
AI Itinera II, V; RC 107.10; Bede HE iv.29; RIB 2015; Vind 22.9; Britannia 19 (1988): 476 |
|
*lupania |
Rangeworthy ? |
RC 106.23 |
|
luturarum |
Crich |
RC106.45; CIL VII.1203, 1214, 1316; EE IX.1266; JRS 48 (1958): 152 etc. |
|
maeatae |
Tribe: Stirling |
Xiphilinos 321; Jordanes 2.14 |
|
*magalonium |
Caersws ? |
RC 106.29 |
|
*magantia ins. |
(South) Uist ? |
RC 109.18 |
|
magiouinio |
Dropshort |
AI Itinera II, VI, VIII |
|
magis |
Burrow Walls |
ND XL.29; RIB 899 |
|
maglonae |
Old Carlisle |
ND XL.28 |
|
magnis |
Carvoran |
RC 107.11; ND XL.43; RIB 1825 |
|
magnis |
Kenchester |
AI Iter XII; RC 106.27 |
|
magnus portus |
The Solent |
PG II.3,3 |
|
maia |
Bowness-on-Solway |
RC 107.5, 107.29 |
|
malaea ins. |
Mull |
PG II.2,10; RC 105.29, 109.22 |
|
mamucio |
Manchester |
AI Itinera II, X; RC 106.58 |
|
*mananna ins. |
Arran |
RC 109.11 |
|
manaui |
Tribe: Stirling |
RC 109.19 |
|
manauia ins. |
Isle of Man |
PG II.2,10; Pliny HN iv.103; Orosius I.2,82; Julius Honorius 16 |
|
manduessedo |
Mancetter |
AI Iter II |
|
maporitum |
? (On Ettrick Water ?) |
RC 107.34 |
|
marcotaxum |
Cardean |
RC 108.12 |
|
margiduno |
Castle Hill |
AI Itinera VI, VIII |
|
maromago |
Woden House Farm ? |
RC 107.42 |
|
<masona> |
Camerton ? |
RC 106.5 |
|
matouium |
Rhoshven ? |
RC 108.3 |
|
*maualium |
Helmsdale ? |
RC 107.58 |
|
maxima caesariensis |
Province |
ND XXIII.3 |
|
mediobogdo |
Watercrook ? |
RC 107.2 |
|
mediolano |
Whitchurch |
AI Itinera II, X; RC 106.43 |
|
mediolanum |
Cae Gaer |
PG II.3,11; RC 106.41 |
|
medionemetum |
Auchendavy |
RC 107.54 |
|
*meletio |
Melbury ? |
RC 106.16 |
|
metaris fl. |
River Nene ? |
PG II.3,4 |
|
mineruae ins. |
Islay ? |
RC 109.10 |
|
<minox> |
? |
RC 108.18 |
|
mioredum |
Near Cirencester ? |
RIB 101 |
|
<mixa> |
? |
RC 108.17 |
|
mona ins. |
Anglesey |
PG II.2,10; RC 109.9; Caesar BG V.13,2; Pliny HN II.187, IV.103; Tacitus Agr . 14.4, 18.4, Annales XIV.29; Xiphilinos 162, 165 |
|
morbio |
Greta Bridge ? |
ND XL.21 |
|
moricambe sinus |
Morecambe Bay |
PG II.3,2 |
|
moridunum |
Carmarthen |
PG II.3,12; AI Iter XII |
|
moridunum |
Sidford |
AI Iter XV; RC 106.2, 106.4, 106.9, 106.13; TP |
|
*mutuanna |
Hassocks ? |
RC 106.34 |
|
nabarum ins ? |
Isle of Lundy ? |
RC 108.26 |
|
nabarus fl. |
River Naver |
PG II.3,1 |
|
nassa fl. |
River Ness |
RC 108.23 |
|
naua fl. |
River Noe |
Inferred from nauione and survival of name |
|
nauione |
Brough-on-Noe |
RC 106.56; RIB 2243 |
|
*nemanturum |
Kair House ? |
RC 108.7 |
|
*nemetobala |
Lydney |
RC 106.23 |
|
*nemetostatio |
North Tawton |
RC 105.47 |
|
nida fl. |
Afon Nedd |
Inferred from nido and survival of name |
|
nido |
Neath |
AI Iter XII |
|
nouantae |
Tribe: Galloway |
PG II.3,5 |
|
nouantarum pen. |
Rhinns of Galloway |
PG II.3,1, II.3,2 |
|
nouantarum prom. |
Mull of Galloway |
PG II.3,1 |
|
*nouia fl. |
River Ouse (Sussex) |
RC 108.39 |
|
nouiomago |
Crayford |
AI Iter II; TP |
|
nouiomagus reginorum |
Chichester |
PG II.3,13; RC 106.17, 106.20 |
|
nouius fl. |
River Nith |
PG II.3,2; RC 108.18, 108.32 |
|
*nouius portus |
Seaford |
PG II.3,2; RC 106.34 |
|
oceli prom |
Spurn Head |
PG II.3,4 |
|
ocrinum prom. |
The Manacles |
PG II.3,2; Marcian II.45 |
|
octapitarum prom. |
St David's Head |
PG II.3,2 |
|
olerica |
Troutbeck ? |
RC 107.5 |
|
onna |
Neatham |
RC 106.18 |
|
onno |
Haltonchesters |
RC 107.25; ND XL.37 |
|
orcades inss. |
Orkney Islands |
PG II.3,14; IM; RC 109.27; Pliny HN IV.103; Juvenal II.161; Eutropius VII.13,3; Jerome Int. Chron. Eusebii AD 46; Orosius I.2; Martianus Capella VI.666; Jordanes Getica I.8; Cassiodorus AUC 654; Isidore XIV.6,5; Bede HE i.1, i.3 |
|
orcas prom. |
Dunnet Head |
PG II.3,1; Diodoros V.21; Marcian II.45 |
|
ordouices |
Tribe: Gwynedd |
PG II.3,11; Tacitus Annales XII.33, Agr . 18.2 |
|
othonae |
Bradwell-on-Sea |
ND XXVIII.13 |
|
parisi |
Civitas: North Humberside |
PG II.3,10 |
|
pennocrucio |
Water Eaton |
AI Iter II |
|
penta fl. |
River Blackwater (Essex) |
Bede HE iii.32 |
|
petuaria |
Brough-on-Humber |
PG II.3,10; RC 107.15; ND XL.31; RIB 707 |
|
picti |
Tribe: Highland Region |
Panegyrici Latini VIII v.114, VI vii.72; Ammianus XX.11 etc.; Gildas dECB 14, 19.1; Bede HE i.1 etc. |
|
<pilais> |
? (in Cornwall) |
RC 105.49 |
|
pinnata castra |
Inverness ? |
PG II.3,8; RC 108.5 |
|
ponte aeli |
Newcastle-upon-Tyne |
ND XL.34 |
|
pontibus |
Staines |
AI Iter VII |
|
praesidio |
? (in Yorkshire ?) |
ND XL.19 |
|
praesidium |
? (in the Cree valley ?) |
RC 107.39 |
|
praetorio |
Brough-on-Humber ? |
AI Iter I |
|
*ractona fl. |
River Adur ? |
RC 108.40 |
|
ratae corieltauuorum |
Leicester |
PG II.3,11; AI Itinera VI, VIII; RC 106.47/48; CIL XVI.160 |
|
ratostabius fl. |
Afon Taff |
PG II.3,2 |
|
rauatonium |
Southend, Kintyre ? |
RC 108.4 |
|
*regini |
Civitas: Sussex |
PG II.3,13 |
|
*reginis |
Chichester |
AI Iter VII |
|
regulbio |
Reculver |
ND XXVIII.18 |
|
rerigonium |
Stranraer |
PG II.3,5; RC 107.39 |
|
rerigonius sinus |
Loch Ryan |
PG II.3,1 |
|
rigodunum |
Castleshaw |
PG II.3,10 |
|
ripa alta |
Hill of Nigg |
PG II.3,4 |
|
*rutuna fl. |
River Roden |
Inferred from rutunio and survival of name |
|
rutunio |
Harcourt Mill |
AI Iter II |
|
( portus ) rutupiae |
Richborough |
PG II.3,12; AI Iter II; IM; TP; RC 106.36; ND XXVIII.9; Ammianus XX.1,3; Orosius I.2,76; Bede HE i.1 |
|
*sabobriga ins. |
Scalpay ? |
RC 109.15 |
|
sabrina fl. |
River Severn |
PG II.3,2; RC 108.25; Gildas dECB 3.1; Bede HE v.23 |
|
salinae |
Spalding ? |
PG II.3,11 |
|
salinis |
Droitwich |
RC 106.31 |
|
salinis |
Middlewich / Nantwich ? |
RC 106.46 |
|
saponis ins. |
Shiant ? |
RC 109.13 |
|
scitis ins. |
Skye |
PG II.3,14; RC 109.15 |
|
segeduno |
Wallsend |
RC 107.24; ND XL.33 |
|
segeloci |
Littleborough |
AI Itinera V, VIII; RIB 2241 |
|
segontia fl. |
Afon Seiont |
Inferred from segontio |
|
segontiaci |
Tribe: Berkshire ? |
Caesar BG V.21,1 |
|
segontio |
Caernarfon |
AI Iter IX; RC 106.42 |
|
selgouae |
Tribe: Borders |
PG II.3,6; RC 106.42 |
|
*senomago |
Yoxford ? |
AI Iter X; TP |
|
setantii |
Tribe: Fylde |
PG II.3,2 |
|
setantiorum portus |
Fleetwood |
PG II.3,2 |
|
seteia fl. |
River Mersey |
PG II.3,2; RC 108.30 |
|
sextae |
York |
ND XL.3 |
|
*silina ins. |
Scilly Isles |
Pliny HN IV.103; Solinus 22,7; Sulpicius Severus II.51,3-4 |
|
silures |
Civitas: Gwent |
PG II.3,12; Pliny HN IV.103; Tacitus Agr . 11.2, 17.3, Annales XII.32 etc.; Jordanes 2,13; RIB 311; CIL II.5923 |
|
smertae |
Tribe: Wester Ross |
PG II.3,8 |
|
smerti |
Broomholm ? |
RC 107.36 |
|
*smertiacum |
Easter Happrew ? |
RC 107.32 |
|
soruioduni |
Old Sarum |
AI Iter XV; RC 106.9-10 |
|
spinis |
Woodspeen |
AI Itinera XIII, XIV |
|
<stodoium> |
Castledykes ? |
RC 107.31 |
|
stuctia fl. |
Afon Ystwyth |
PG II.3,2; RC 108.29 |
|
<subdobiacum> |
Cadder |
RC 107.55 |
|
sulloniacis |
Brockley Hill |
AI Iter II |
|
susurra ins. |
Rona ? |
RC 109.13 |
|
tadoritum |
? (On Ettrick Water ?) |
RC 107.33 |
|
taexali |
Tribe: Aberdeenshire |
PG II.3,9 |
|
taexalorum prom. |
Kinnaird's Head |
PG II.3,4 |
|
tamara |
Launceston ? |
PG II.3,13; RC 105.48 |
|
tamarus fl. |
River Tamar |
PG II.3,3; RC 108.26 |
|
tamea |
Inverqhuairty |
PG II.3,8; RC 108.12 |
|
tamesa fl. |
River Thames |
PG II.3,4; RC 106.38; Caesar BG V.11,8; Tacitus Annales XIV.32; Dio XL.21,3 etc.; Xiphilinos LXII.2; Orosius VI.9,6; Gildas dECB 3.1, 11.1; Bede HE i.2 etc. |
|
tamium |
Cardiff |
RC 108.28 |
|
tampio |
? |
CIL XIII.3162 |
|
tanatus ins. |
Thanet |
PG II.3,14; RC 105.30; Solinus 22,8; Isidore XIV.6,3; Bede HE i.25 |
|
taruedunum prom. |
Dunnet Head |
PG II.3,1, II.3.4; Marcian II.45 |
|
taua fl. |
River Tay |
PG II.3,4; RC 108.19; Tacitus Agr . 22.1 |
|
taua fl. |
River Taw |
RC 105.46 |
|
tectouerdi |
Tribe: Northumberland |
RIB 1695 |
|
<tedertis> fl. |
River Stour (Dorset) ? |
RC 106.10 |
|
<terdec> |
? |
RC 109.5 |
|
*terminum |
? (In Devon or Cornwall) |
RC 106.3 |
|
*tesa fl. |
River Tees ? |
RC 108.35 |
|
tina fl. |
River Tyne |
RC 108.35; Bede HE v.2 etc. |
|
toesobis fl. |
Afon Dwyryd |
PG II.3,2 |
|
touius fl. |
Afon Tywi |
PG II.3,2 |
|
<traiectus> |
Bitton |
AI Iter XIV |
|
trestona fl. |
River Test |
RC 108.24 |
|
trimontium |
Newstead |
PG II.3,6; RC 107.44; RIB 2313 |
|
trinouantes |
Civitas: Essex |
PG II.3,11; Caesar BG V.20; Tacitus Annales XIV.31; Orosius VI.9,8; Bede HE i.2 |
|
tripontio |
Cave's Inn |
AI Iter VI |
|
*trisantona fl. |
River Trent |
Tacitus Annales XII.31 |
|
trisantonio |
Holditch |
RC 106.44 |
|
trisantonis |
Hardham |
RC 106.34 |
|
trisantonis fl. |
River Arun |
PG II.3,3 |
|
trucculentum |
Oban ? |
RC 1083; Tacitus Agr . 38,4 |
|
tuerobis fl. |
Afon Teifi |
PG II.3,2 |
|
tuesis |
Bellie |
PG II.3,8; RC 108.5 |
|
tuesis fl. |
River Spey |
PG II.3,4 |
|
uacomagi |
Tribe: Strathspey |
PG II.3,8 |
|
uagniacis |
Springhead |
AI Iter II |
|
ualentia |
Province |
ND XXIII.4 |
|
uarar fl. |
River Beauly |
PG II.3,4 |
|
uaris |
St Asaph |
AI Iter XI |
|
uebro… |
Mendip mining district |
EE III.121a; JRS 21 (1931): 256, 47 (1957): 230-1 |
|
uectis ins. |
Isle of Wight |
PG II.3,14; IM; RC 105.29; Diodoros V.22; Pliny HN IV.103; Suetonius VIII.4,1; Panegyrici Latini VIII V.15,1; Bede HE i.3 etc. |
|
uedra fl. |
River Wear |
PG II.3,4 |
|
uelunia |
Carriden |
RC 107.52; JRS 47 (1957): 229-30 |
|
uenicones |
Tribe: Strathmore |
PG II.3,9 |
|
uenonis |
High Cross |
AI Itinera II, VI, VIII |
|
uenta belgarum |
Winchester |
PG II.3,13; AI Itinera VII, XV; RC 106.18; ND XI.60; Bede HE iii.7, v.23 |
|
uenta icenorum |
Caistor St Edmund |
PG II.3,11; AI Iter IX; RC 106.54; TP |
|
uenta silurum |
Caerwent |
AI Iter XIV; RC 106.22 |
|
uenutio |
Oxton ? |
RC 107.43 |
|
ueratino |
Rocester |
RC 106.45 |
|
uerbeia fl. |
River Wharfe |
RIB 635 |
|
uercouicium |
Housesteads |
RC 107.27; ND XL.40; RIB 1594 |
|
uerleua |
Nanstallon |
PG II.3,13; RC 105.49 |
|
uerlucione |
Sandy Lane |
AI Iter XIV |
|
uerlucionium silua |
? (in Kent) |
Britannia 25 (1994): 302-4 |
|
uernemeto |
Willoughby-on-the-Wolds |
AI Itinera VI, VIII |
|
ueromago |
Ullapool ? |
RC 108.2 |
|
uerteris |
Brough-under-Stainmore |
AI Itinera II, V; RC 107.9; ND XL.26 |
|
uerturiones |
Tribe: Fortrenn |
Ammianus XXVII.8,4 |
|
uerubium prom. |
Noss Head |
PG II.3,4 |
|
uerulamium |
St Alban's |
PG II.3,11; AI Itinera II, VI, VIII; RC 106.50; Tacitus Annales XIV.33; Gildas dECB 10,2; Bede HE i.7; JRS 36 (1956), 8-10 |
|
<ugueste> |
Strageath ? |
RC 108.9 |
|
uianuacae |
? (near St Alban's) |
Britannia 11 (1980): 423 |
|
uictoria |
Cargill |
PG II.3,7; RC 108.11 |
|
uicus iouis |
Billingsgate ? |
Britannia 17 (1988): 445-6 |
|
uidumanis fl. |
River Blackwater (Essex) |
PG II.3,4; RC 108.36 |
|
uigoris |
Worcester |
RC 106.30 |
|
uilla faustini |
Scole |
AI Iter V |
|
uindobala |
Rudchester |
RC 107.25; ND XL.36 |
|
uindocladia |
Badbury Rings |
AI Iter XV; RC 106.17 |
|
uindogara |
Ayr |
PG II.3,7; RC 107.36 |
|
uindogara sinus |
Irvine Bay |
PG II.3,1 |
|
uindolanda |
Chesterholm |
RC 107.12; ND XL.41; RIB 1700; Vind II.225, 24; II.343 |
|
uindomora |
Ebchester |
AI Iter I |
|
*uindonio |
Wheatsheaf Inn |
AI Iter XV |
|
<uinium> ins. |
Ailsa Craig ? |
RC 109.12 |
|
uinouia |
Binchester |
PG II.3,10; AI Iter I; RC 107.13; RIB 1036 |
|
uiroconium cornouiorum |
Wroxeter |
PG II.3,11; AI Itinera II, XII; RC 106.40 |
|
uirosido |
Brough-by-Bainbridge |
ND XL.56 |
|
uiruedrum prom. |
Duncansby Head |
PG II.3,4 |
|
ulucio |
? |
Vind II.174, 4 |
|
uolas sin. |
Loch Eriboll ? |
PG II.3,1 |
|
uolitanio |
Mumrills |
RC 107.52 |
|
<uoran> |
Stracathro' |
RC 108.13 |
|
uoreda |
Old Penrith |
AI Iter II; RC 107.10; RIB 920 |
|
uotadini |
Tribe: Northumberland |
PG II.3,7 |
|
uxacona |
Red Hill |
AI Iter II |
|
uxela |
Barnstaple ? |
PG II.3,13; RC 106.1 |
|
uxela fl. |
River Parrett |
PG II.3,2; RC 108.42 |
|
uxeloduno |
Stanwix |
RC 107.28; ND XL.49; Rudge Cup; Amiens Patera |
|
uxelum |
Ward Law |
PG II.3,6; RC 107.37 |